New Dissolved Ozone Sensor

Mettler Toledo, under the Thornton brand, has released a dissolved ozone sensor employing the company's Intelligent Sensor Management technology that helps to streamline the use of sensors for measuring pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen or ozone, and a host of other aspects of pure water. The pureO3 sensor technology provides rapid response in a sensor assembly with a built in digital measuring circuit and Intelligent Sensor Management (ISM®). The pureO3 is designed for monitoring low concentrations of dissolved ozone in semiconductor and pharmaceutical pure water samples, bottled water and similar applications. Minimal maintenance requirements and reliable long-term operation are hallmarks of this sensor.

How it works, in the company's own words...

"The pureO3 sensor uses a gas permeable membrane to separate the sample from the electrochemical cell inside. Ozone diffuses through the membrane in direct proportion to the partial pressure of ozone outside the sensor.The cathode and anode inside the sensor are polarized with a voltage to enable the electrochemical reaction of ozone. Ozone is reduced at the cathode while the anode is oxidized, producing a current in direct proportion to the amount of ozone present. The very low current developed by these sensors allows them to have a long life with low maintenance. An embedded temperature sensor enables temperature compensation to adjust for the changing permeability of
the membrane with temperature. In addition, the instrument uses the temperature value to convert the ozone partial pressure signal to a dissolved ozone concentration value by compensating for the changing solubility of ozone with temperature."

Benefits to the user from the ISM® based sensor.

• Full sensor identification by type and serial number.
• Calibration history with actual calibration, factory calibration, and last three calibration.
• Programmable timer to facilitate maintenance planning, reducing downtime.
• Starting calibration interval of 90 days.
• Time to maintenance function integrates ozone concentration over time, indicating replacement time for membrane body and electrolyte.
• Dynamic Lifetime Indicator for inner body used ozone concentration integration to predict life of inner body and membrane. Starting values, membrane body lifetime 180 days, inner body 1080 days.
• Sanitization counter allows the limit of ozone concentration and duration of sanitization cycleto be defined on the transmitter.

The pureO3 sensor with ISM operates with the M800 and M300 transmitters. ISM features enable users to maximize the lifetime of the sensors and minimize downtime by predicting when sensor maintenance is required. Contact a product application specialist for all the details. Share your process measurement challenges with experts, combining your process knowledge with their application expertise to develop the best solutions.

Technical Reference for Thermocouples and Reistance Temperature Detectors (RTD)

One of many industrial
temperature sensor
configurations
Smart Sensors, Inc.

Temperature measurement is probably employed in process control more than any other physical property measurement. Methodology for temperature measurement is well established, as is the industry providing instruments and devices for acquiring temperature data from almost any facet of any process. If you are even peripherally involved in process measurement and control, having a solid understanding of how thermocouples and RTDs work is a requisite to solving problems or servicing customers.

One manufacturer of a comprehensive line of thermocouple and RTD assemblies, Smart Sensors, Inc., produced a technical manual with all you need to know about temperature sensors for process measurement and control. The manual is included below for easy reference. It covers:

• Thermocouple theory
• RTD and thermocouple specification criteria
• Cable specifications for both sensor types
• Comparison of thermocouple and RTD attributes
• Thermowell and protection tube specification and selection
• Specifying temperature sensors for hazardous areas
• Reference data tables for both sensor types
• Practices for improving temperature measurement
• Calibration

The tech manual should be on the shelf or cloud drive of anyone involved in accomplishing, interpreting, or maintaining temperature measurement. The configuration options for temperature sensor assemblies are extensive. Reach out to a product application specialist and combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions to temperature measurement challenges.

Technical Reference for Thermocouples and Reistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Alliance Adds Thornton to Process Analytical Instrument Offering

Alliance Technical Sales, experienced provider of process analytical solutions throughout many industries, has added the Thornton brand of instruments to expand its offering of Mettler Toledo analytical products. Thornton specializes in on-line liquid process measurement solutions for pure and ultrapure water applications. The product line includes instrumentation and sensors providing high quality measurement of conductivity/resistivity, TOC, pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen, dissolved ozone, sodium, silica and bioburden. The Thornton line complements and expands the extent of Mettler Toledo products already available from Alliance Technical Sales.

Share your fluid process analytical challenges with product application experts, combining your process knowledge and experience with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

Process Analytics Product Catalog from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Alliance Technical Sales Overview

Alliance Technical Sales works with customers
to develop effective solutions to process measurement
and control challenges.

Alliance Technical Sales represents and distributes for a number of process measurement and control equipment and instrument manufacturers throughout the midwest United States. A specialty of the company is in-line liquid analytical solutions, along with other related fields.

The professionals at Alliance combine world class products with real application expertise and passion to be the best at what they do. For over 15 years, the company has been helping its customers boost efficiency, safety, and effectiveness.

The company's current product offering is included below. Reach out to Alliance Technical Sales for a partner in solving your process measurement and control challenges.

Line Card for Alliance Technical Sales - Updated 12/2016 from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Combustion Control in Gas Turbines

Proper inlet air control can boost gas turbine efficiency

Gas turbines continue to enjoy an expansion in their use throughout the world. The benefits of using gas as a fuel are well recognized. Achieving high levels of fuel efficiency will be a goal of every operator, so understanding the nature of combustion and fuels can be useful in attaining optimum operating conditions.

Vaisala, a globally recognized leader in the measurement of temperature and humidity, was authored a white paper application note that explains how the temperature and humidity of inlet air can contribute to combustion efficiency, as well as providing recommendations for measuring these parameters in gas turbine applications.

The white paper is included below. Share your process measurement requirements and challenges with application experts. Combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to deliver effective solutions.

Optimizing gas turbine performance with precise humidity measurements from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Close Temperature Control of a Process Fluid Flow

Temperature sensor is one component
of a successful temperature control
system
Courtesy Smart Sensors, Inc.

Temperature control is a common operation in the industrial arena. Its application can range across solids, liquids, and gases. The dynamics of a particular operation will influence the selection of instruments and equipment to meet the project requirements. In addition to general performance requirements, safety should always be a consideration in the design of a temperature control system involving enough energy to damage the system or create a hazardous condition.

Let's narrow the application range to non-flammable flowing fluids that require elevated temperatures. In the interest of clarity, this illustration is presented without any complicating factors that may be encountered in actual practice. Much of what is presented here, however, will apply universally to other scenarios.

What are the considerations for specifying the right equipment?

KNOW YOUR FLOW

First and foremost, you must have complete understanding of certain characteristics of the fluid.

• Specific Heat - The amount of heat input required to increase the temperature of a mass unit of the media by one degree.
• Minimum Inlet Temperature - The lowest media temperature entering the process and requiring heating to a setpoint. Use the worst (coldest) case anticipated.
• Mass Flow Rate - An element in the calculation for total heat requirement. If the flow rate will vary, use the maximum anticipated flow.
• Maximum Required Outlet Temperature - Used with minimum inlet temperature in the calculation of the maximum heat input required.

SELECT SYSTEM COMPONENTS WITH PERFORMANCE TO MATCH THE PROJECT

• Heat Source - If temperature control with little deviation from a setpoint is your goal, electric heat will likely be your heating source of choice. It responds quickly to changes in a control signal and the output can be adjusted in very small increments to achieve a close balance between process heat requirement and actual heat input. 
• Sensor - Sensor selection is critical to attaining close temperature control. There are many factors to consider, well beyond the scope of this article, but the ability of the sensor to rapidly detect small changes in media temperature is a key element of a successful project. Attention should be given to the sensor containment, or sheath, the mass of the materials surrounding the sensor that are part of the assembly, along with the accuracy of the sensor.
• Sensor Location - The location of the temperature sensor will be a key factor in control system performance. The sensing element should be placed where it will be exposed to the genuine process condition, avoiding effects of recently heated fluid that may have not completely mixed with the balance of the media. Locate too close to the heater and there may be anomalies caused by the heater. A sensor installed too distant from the heater may respond too slowly. Remember that the heating assembly, in whatever form it may take, is a source of disturbance to the process. It is important to detect the impact of the disturbance as early and accurately as possible.
• Controller - The controller should provide an output that is compatible with the heater power controller and have the capability to provide a continuously varying signal or one that can be very rapidly cycled. There are many other features that can be incorporated into the controller for alarms, display, and other useful functions. These have little bearing on the actual control of the process, but can provide useful information to the opeartor. 
• Power Controller - A great advantage of electric heaters is their compatibility with very rapid cycling or other adjustments to their input power. A power controller that varies the total power to the heater in very small increments will allow for fine tuning the heat input to the process.
• Performance Monitoring - Depending upon the critical nature of the heating activity to overall process performance, it may be useful to monitor not only the media temperature, but aspects of heater or controller performance that indicate the devices are working. Knowing something is not working sooner, rather than later, is generally beneficial. Controllers usually have some sort of sensor failure notification built in. Heater operation can be monitored my measurement of the circuit current.
  
  

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

Any industrial heater assembly is capable of producing surface temperatures hot enough to cause trouble. Monitoring process and heater performance and operation, providing backup safety controls, is necessary to reduce the probability of damage or catastrophe.

• High Fluid Temperature - An independent sensor can monitor process fluid temperature, with instrumentation providing an alert and limit controllers taking action if unexpected limits are reached.
• Heater Temperature - Monitoring the heater sheath temperature can provide warning of a number of failure conditions, such as low fluid flow, no fluid present, or power controller failure. A proper response activity should be automatically executed when unsafe or unanticipated conditions occur.
• Media Present - There are a number of ways to directly or indirectly determine whether media is present. The media, whether gaseous or liquid, is necessary to maintain an operational connection between the heater assembly and the sensor. 
• Flow Present - Whether gaseous or liquid media, flow is necessary to keep most industrial heaters from burning out. Understand the limitations and operating requirements of the heating assembly employed and make sure those conditions are maintained. 
• Heater Immersion - Heaters intended for immersion in liquid may have watt density ratings that will produce excessive or damaging element temperatures if operated in air. Strategic location of a temperature sensor may be sufficient to detect whether a portion of the heater assembly is operating in air. An automatic protective response should be provided in the control scheme for this condition.

Each of the items mentioned above is due careful consideration for an industrial fluid heating application. Your particular process will present its own set of specific temperature sensing challenges with respect to performance and safety. Share your requirements with temperature sensing experts, combining your process knowledge with their expertise to develop safe and effective solutions.

Direct Insertion Gaseous Oxygen Sensor - No Sampling

Ingold 6800G insertion sensor for gaseous oxygen
Courtesy Mettler Toledo

Gas phase oxygen measurement is used industrially for process safety and the prevention of oxidation. The ability to obtain oxygen level readings in real time can be advantageous in both application classes. While numerous measurement methods are available, Ingold (Mettler Toledo) provides a rugged and robust solution in their direct insertion sensors. Some measurement systems require gas sampling or conditioning, but the Ingold sensor is inserted directly into the process to provide fast and accurate oxygen readings. Coupling the direct insertion feature with Ingold's Intelligent Sensor Management delivers fast and direct O2 measurements with minimized maintenance, no sampling or conditioning, and limited downtime.

There is more to be learned. Reach out to a product application specialist and share your O2 measurement challenges. Combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop the best solutions.

Gas phase oxygen measurement systems from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.