Software For Bioreactors and Batch Processing Pulls Everything Together in One Place

Bioreactors and other batch operations can require the integration and coordinated operation of multiple control loops, data collection and processing, and the equipment and instruments sourced from differing manufacturers. Operations such as these can benefit greatly from productivity improvement afforded by expert level software that automates and coordinates the tasks involved in batch processing.

ILS Automation, a leader and specialist in software and hardware targeted at the automation of batch processing, provides their Batch Expert+ software which allows operators to maximize productivity throughout the entire process. The company takes an open non-proprietary approach to providing solutions for complex batch processing. In the company's own words (from the ILS website) Batch Expert+ software offers:

• Adaptable: Customers can customize a system to meet their needs both now and in the future. Software features are often added to meet the ever-changing needs of process development or the introduction and integration of new measurement technology. 
• IoT Approach: We apply the notion of the Internet of Things (IoT) to laboratory automation. Our controllers integrate smart control elements and instruments in smart ways. Often this implies a digital interface to read and write actual numbers instead of an analog 4-20 mA approximation. Richer and more accurate/precise data is presented for data analysis and automation. Be it gas flow controllers (Alicat and Brooks), digital probes (Mettler ISM, Hamilton Visiferm), scales (Mettler, Sartorius, OHAUS, etc.), cell density (Hamilton Incyte, ABER, Fogale), the IoT approach provides smarter solutions.
• Open: ILS first-and-foremost provides solutions — not just a piece of equipment that is unpacked from a box. To achieve this goal, we don’t hide behind proprietary equipment or software that is rigid and would conform to our thoughts of what our customers need. Our platforms grow and scale to adapt to customer needs through an open software and hardware system based on industrial grade, off-the-shelf components.
• Remote Support: ILS often supports our customers through a remote VPN connection (LogMeIn, Citrix Receiver, etc.). Our customers claim that we have an obsession with bioreactor control and performance tuning. Combining our AFC controller with our BE+ platform, the slightest DO oscillation or anomaly spurs our interest. Through this interaction and customer feedback, we continually learn and improve our products and solutions. Also, we are often not on-site when questions and issues arise just before a 5:00 pm Friday inoculation, so any automation to help the end users is greatly appreciated.

There is more to learn about Batch Expert+ and how it can be incorporated into your own operations. Share your processing challenges with a product specialist, combining your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop an effective solution.

Batch Expert+ Boosts Lab Productivity from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Create a Customized On/Off Process Control Unit

In control theory, an on/off controller is a feedback controller that switches abruptly between two states. It is often used as a control method for a process which can tolerate ongoing change in the process value within a band, referred to as the hysteresis. A common example of an on/off temperature control operation is a residential thermostat. They control the temperature of your home, turning off the heating or cooling system at your comfort setting, waiting for some significant change to occur, then turning on again to eliminate that difference. The process cycles continually. Many process operations can utilize simple on/off control action to maintain suitable conditions.

Temperature Transmitter
Courtesy Smart Sensors

A PLC (programmable logic controller) can be a good candidate for creating your own on/off temperature controller with specialized additional functionality that suits your process. Implementing the temperature control operation is not difficult, and the use of a PLC allows the designer to integrate other useful functions into a single piece of hardware, functions that might not be available in a commercially available process controller.

The primary input device will be a transmitter with analog output compatible with the analog input on the PLC. For this discussion, let's assume this is a temperature control application that requires heating of the process. So, a temperature transmitter will be our primary input device. The primary output device will be a heater contactor or other power control device, the input of which must be compatible with the output of the PLC. Any other switches, pilot lights, alarms, or other devices will need to also be associated with a compatible PLC I/O point. 

The logic portion of the temperature control activity is not complex. The input signal from the temperature transmitter is converted to a working value. Depending upon the numeric muscle of your PLC, this value may be a floating point number, but integer values work suitably. Here are the logic steps needed.

• Read temperature input value
• Is temperature greater than or equal to the setpoint? If yes, turn off output for heater and proceed to the next step. If no, go to next step.
• Is temperature less than or equal to the value of setpoint minus a deadband value (more on deadband below)? If yes, turn on output for heater. If no, continue to other commands that provide your additional desired functions.

Here are some points to consider.

• Use a greater than or equal to, or less than or equal to comparison to assure that all possible numeric scenarios for process temperature are handled.
• Deadband is a value that you employ to keep your control output from chattering rapidly between the on and off state when the process value is very close to the setpoint. It can also be used, in this case, to slow down the on/off switching of the heater and reduce wear on a mechanical contactor. Keep in mind that a 16 or 32 bit number, which is what the PLC will use for internal processing of your temperature reading, may actually pass across the setpoint value rapidly, even though a digital display of temperature will appear to be relatively stable. The constantly changing values would cause rapid changes in the output if the comparison logic did not include a deadband value. The use of a deadband creates a range of process temperature where no change in the output occurs. 
• For this particular application, with its heating action, a separate limit control is advised. The device should derive its input signal from a source other than that of the PLC and the output of the limit control should provide a positive means of de-energizing the heater.
• Other functions easily programmed into the PLC include alarms, pilot lights to reflect heating activity, an on/off switch for the process, and other items limited only by your ingenuity.

Not every process needs PID control. This illustration focused on temperature, but the principles are the same for almost any process. A modestly powerful PLC can provide the processing power, and input devices for temperature, humidity, moisture, pH, liquid level, flow, pressure, and more are available. Share your challenges with a process measurement specialist and develop an effective customized solution for control of your process.

Intelligent Management for Process Sensors

Process analytical sensors can require scrupulous levels of attention and maintenance to continually deliver optimum performance. In some cases, overly frequent or involved maintenance is performed in order to avoid problems. Mettler Toledo, globally recognized leader in the development of process analytical sensors, developed a solution to streamline sensor maintenance and maximize reliability and performance.

The iSense software suite supports Mettler Toledo's line of intelligent sensors, monitoring and documenting sensor performance while maintaining real time indications of time to maintenance and calibration. Essentially, the iSense software provides guided sensor maintenance and continually verifies the operational health of the sensor to assure that delivered data is accurate and reliable.

There is much more to learn about how the iSense software and comprehensive offering of intelligent sensors can enhance process performance, as well as the efficiency of analytical operations. Reach out to a process analytics specialist with your analytical measurement challenges. Combining your process knowledge and experience with their product application expertise will yield an effective solution.

Improve Liquid Processing Performance With Sensor Technology

In the field of industrial processing, there is always a striving for improvement. Increasing output, improving output, and decreasing resource input are the watch phrases for process designers and operators in every industry.

Liquid processing often involves analytical instruments that produce periodic or continuous measurements of process conditions. The accuracy of these instruments will directly impact the quality and efficiency of the process, so great attention is paid to maintaining sensors and related instrumentation in top working order. Mettler Toledo, globally recognized leader in analytical sensor technology, provides a comprehensive solution for liquid analytical operations with its line of smart sensors and companion management software.

The ISM sensor technology couples the sensor with an onboard processor that continuously monitors sensor performance and delivers real time information about accuracy and time before maintenance. This empowers users to efficiently schedule maintenance tasks and operate with assurance that the data delivered by the sensor is reliable.

The video below sums up the ISM sensor benefits in under one minute. Share your process analytical challenges with application specialists and combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

Digital Sensor Technology For In-line Process Analytics

Digital sensor technology opens new
avenues for accuracy and efficiency
Courtesy Mettler Toledo

In-line process analytics deliver wide ranging data used to control production processes and assure the suitability and performance of end products. Strict adherence to established procedures and standards contribute to the accuracy and value of the measurements derived from instruments and equipment monitoring various process steps from start to completion.

Digital sensor technology, with an onboard microprocessor, provides a wealth of functionality not previously available that enhances accuracy and efficiency. Mettler Toledo is at the forefront of digital sensor technology for inline process analytics with their line of ISM (Intelligent Sensor Management) compatible sensors. The digital sensors interface with companion transmitters and software tools to deliver customers top flight process analytics performance.

• Simplified workflow.
• Increased measurement effectiveness and process confidence.
• Sensors are easily removed from the process for calibration, negating need for personnel to bring calibration gases or buffer solutions to the measurement point.
• Diagnostic functions provide easy to read tools, notifying operators of when and what to do to maintain proper performance.
• Each sensor stores its own set of calibration data, which is automatically uploaded to the companion transmitter.
• Self configuration executed when new sensor connected to transmitter.
• Supporting software facilitates the range of tasks necessary to maintain top flight operational status for every ISM sensor.
• Sensor output is a digital signal, not prone to degradation in the same manner as analog signals.
• Sensor learns from and adapts to process conditions to provide better overall performance.

There is much more to learn regarding how ISM sensors can dovetail into your process operation and deliver substantial increases in efficiency and accuracy. The document below provides the next layer of information. Reach out to an inline process measurement specialist, sharing your process measurement challenges. The combination of your process knowledge and their product application expertise will yield an effective solution.

Intelligent Sensor Management For Inline Process Analytics from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

New M300 Series Single and Multi-Variable Transmitters From Mettler Toledo

Mettler Toledo recently introduced a new line of transmitters to deliver maximum effectiveness from their array of water quality and process analytics sensors. The M300 is available in 1/2 DIN and 1/4 DIN sizes, with a single or dual channel configuration. Two versions are tailored for process analytics applications or water quality applications. Analog or digital ISM sensors for pH/ORP, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and ozone can be utilized with the new transmitter, which features intuitive operation and excellent ergonomics.

Learn more about the M300 transmitter and see it in action in the video. Reach out to a product specialist with your water and process analytical challenges, combining your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

New Dissolved Ozone Sensor

Mettler Toledo, under the Thornton brand, has released a dissolved ozone sensor employing the company's Intelligent Sensor Management technology that helps to streamline the use of sensors for measuring pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen or ozone, and a host of other aspects of pure water. The pureO3 sensor technology provides rapid response in a sensor assembly with a built in digital measuring circuit and Intelligent Sensor Management (ISM®). The pureO3 is designed for monitoring low concentrations of dissolved ozone in semiconductor and pharmaceutical pure water samples, bottled water and similar applications. Minimal maintenance requirements and reliable long-term operation are hallmarks of this sensor.

How it works, in the company's own words...

"The pureO3 sensor uses a gas permeable membrane to separate the sample from the electrochemical cell inside. Ozone diffuses through the membrane in direct proportion to the partial pressure of ozone outside the sensor.The cathode and anode inside the sensor are polarized with a voltage to enable the electrochemical reaction of ozone. Ozone is reduced at the cathode while the anode is oxidized, producing a current in direct proportion to the amount of ozone present. The very low current developed by these sensors allows them to have a long life with low maintenance. An embedded temperature sensor enables temperature compensation to adjust for the changing permeability of
the membrane with temperature. In addition, the instrument uses the temperature value to convert the ozone partial pressure signal to a dissolved ozone concentration value by compensating for the changing solubility of ozone with temperature."

Benefits to the user from the ISM® based sensor.

• Full sensor identification by type and serial number.
• Calibration history with actual calibration, factory calibration, and last three calibration.
• Programmable timer to facilitate maintenance planning, reducing downtime.
• Starting calibration interval of 90 days.
• Time to maintenance function integrates ozone concentration over time, indicating replacement time for membrane body and electrolyte.
• Dynamic Lifetime Indicator for inner body used ozone concentration integration to predict life of inner body and membrane. Starting values, membrane body lifetime 180 days, inner body 1080 days.
• Sanitization counter allows the limit of ozone concentration and duration of sanitization cycleto be defined on the transmitter.

The pureO3 sensor with ISM operates with the M800 and M300 transmitters. ISM features enable users to maximize the lifetime of the sensors and minimize downtime by predicting when sensor maintenance is required. Contact a product application specialist for all the details. Share your process measurement challenges with experts, combining your process knowledge with their application expertise to develop the best solutions.

Technical Reference for Thermocouples and Reistance Temperature Detectors (RTD)

One of many industrial
temperature sensor
configurations
Smart Sensors, Inc.

Temperature measurement is probably employed in process control more than any other physical property measurement. Methodology for temperature measurement is well established, as is the industry providing instruments and devices for acquiring temperature data from almost any facet of any process. If you are even peripherally involved in process measurement and control, having a solid understanding of how thermocouples and RTDs work is a requisite to solving problems or servicing customers.

One manufacturer of a comprehensive line of thermocouple and RTD assemblies, Smart Sensors, Inc., produced a technical manual with all you need to know about temperature sensors for process measurement and control. The manual is included below for easy reference. It covers:

• Thermocouple theory
• RTD and thermocouple specification criteria
• Cable specifications for both sensor types
• Comparison of thermocouple and RTD attributes
• Thermowell and protection tube specification and selection
• Specifying temperature sensors for hazardous areas
• Reference data tables for both sensor types
• Practices for improving temperature measurement
• Calibration

The tech manual should be on the shelf or cloud drive of anyone involved in accomplishing, interpreting, or maintaining temperature measurement. The configuration options for temperature sensor assemblies are extensive. Reach out to a product application specialist and combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions to temperature measurement challenges.

Technical Reference for Thermocouples and Reistance Temperature Detectors (RTD) from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Alliance Adds Thornton to Process Analytical Instrument Offering

Alliance Technical Sales, experienced provider of process analytical solutions throughout many industries, has added the Thornton brand of instruments to expand its offering of Mettler Toledo analytical products. Thornton specializes in on-line liquid process measurement solutions for pure and ultrapure water applications. The product line includes instrumentation and sensors providing high quality measurement of conductivity/resistivity, TOC, pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen, dissolved ozone, sodium, silica and bioburden. The Thornton line complements and expands the extent of Mettler Toledo products already available from Alliance Technical Sales.

Share your fluid process analytical challenges with product application experts, combining your process knowledge and experience with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

Process Analytics Product Catalog from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Combustion Control in Gas Turbines

Proper inlet air control can boost gas turbine efficiency

Gas turbines continue to enjoy an expansion in their use throughout the world. The benefits of using gas as a fuel are well recognized. Achieving high levels of fuel efficiency will be a goal of every operator, so understanding the nature of combustion and fuels can be useful in attaining optimum operating conditions.

Vaisala, a globally recognized leader in the measurement of temperature and humidity, was authored a white paper application note that explains how the temperature and humidity of inlet air can contribute to combustion efficiency, as well as providing recommendations for measuring these parameters in gas turbine applications.

The white paper is included below. Share your process measurement requirements and challenges with application experts. Combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to deliver effective solutions.

Optimizing gas turbine performance with precise humidity measurements from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Close Temperature Control of a Process Fluid Flow

Temperature sensor is one component
of a successful temperature control
system
Courtesy Smart Sensors, Inc.

Temperature control is a common operation in the industrial arena. Its application can range across solids, liquids, and gases. The dynamics of a particular operation will influence the selection of instruments and equipment to meet the project requirements. In addition to general performance requirements, safety should always be a consideration in the design of a temperature control system involving enough energy to damage the system or create a hazardous condition.

Let's narrow the application range to non-flammable flowing fluids that require elevated temperatures. In the interest of clarity, this illustration is presented without any complicating factors that may be encountered in actual practice. Much of what is presented here, however, will apply universally to other scenarios.

What are the considerations for specifying the right equipment?

KNOW YOUR FLOW

First and foremost, you must have complete understanding of certain characteristics of the fluid.

• Specific Heat - The amount of heat input required to increase the temperature of a mass unit of the media by one degree.
• Minimum Inlet Temperature - The lowest media temperature entering the process and requiring heating to a setpoint. Use the worst (coldest) case anticipated.
• Mass Flow Rate - An element in the calculation for total heat requirement. If the flow rate will vary, use the maximum anticipated flow.
• Maximum Required Outlet Temperature - Used with minimum inlet temperature in the calculation of the maximum heat input required.

SELECT SYSTEM COMPONENTS WITH PERFORMANCE TO MATCH THE PROJECT

• Heat Source - If temperature control with little deviation from a setpoint is your goal, electric heat will likely be your heating source of choice. It responds quickly to changes in a control signal and the output can be adjusted in very small increments to achieve a close balance between process heat requirement and actual heat input. 
• Sensor - Sensor selection is critical to attaining close temperature control. There are many factors to consider, well beyond the scope of this article, but the ability of the sensor to rapidly detect small changes in media temperature is a key element of a successful project. Attention should be given to the sensor containment, or sheath, the mass of the materials surrounding the sensor that are part of the assembly, along with the accuracy of the sensor.
• Sensor Location - The location of the temperature sensor will be a key factor in control system performance. The sensing element should be placed where it will be exposed to the genuine process condition, avoiding effects of recently heated fluid that may have not completely mixed with the balance of the media. Locate too close to the heater and there may be anomalies caused by the heater. A sensor installed too distant from the heater may respond too slowly. Remember that the heating assembly, in whatever form it may take, is a source of disturbance to the process. It is important to detect the impact of the disturbance as early and accurately as possible.
• Controller - The controller should provide an output that is compatible with the heater power controller and have the capability to provide a continuously varying signal or one that can be very rapidly cycled. There are many other features that can be incorporated into the controller for alarms, display, and other useful functions. These have little bearing on the actual control of the process, but can provide useful information to the opeartor. 
• Power Controller - A great advantage of electric heaters is their compatibility with very rapid cycling or other adjustments to their input power. A power controller that varies the total power to the heater in very small increments will allow for fine tuning the heat input to the process.
• Performance Monitoring - Depending upon the critical nature of the heating activity to overall process performance, it may be useful to monitor not only the media temperature, but aspects of heater or controller performance that indicate the devices are working. Knowing something is not working sooner, rather than later, is generally beneficial. Controllers usually have some sort of sensor failure notification built in. Heater operation can be monitored my measurement of the circuit current.
  
  

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

Any industrial heater assembly is capable of producing surface temperatures hot enough to cause trouble. Monitoring process and heater performance and operation, providing backup safety controls, is necessary to reduce the probability of damage or catastrophe.

• High Fluid Temperature - An independent sensor can monitor process fluid temperature, with instrumentation providing an alert and limit controllers taking action if unexpected limits are reached.
• Heater Temperature - Monitoring the heater sheath temperature can provide warning of a number of failure conditions, such as low fluid flow, no fluid present, or power controller failure. A proper response activity should be automatically executed when unsafe or unanticipated conditions occur.
• Media Present - There are a number of ways to directly or indirectly determine whether media is present. The media, whether gaseous or liquid, is necessary to maintain an operational connection between the heater assembly and the sensor. 
• Flow Present - Whether gaseous or liquid media, flow is necessary to keep most industrial heaters from burning out. Understand the limitations and operating requirements of the heating assembly employed and make sure those conditions are maintained. 
• Heater Immersion - Heaters intended for immersion in liquid may have watt density ratings that will produce excessive or damaging element temperatures if operated in air. Strategic location of a temperature sensor may be sufficient to detect whether a portion of the heater assembly is operating in air. An automatic protective response should be provided in the control scheme for this condition.

Each of the items mentioned above is due careful consideration for an industrial fluid heating application. Your particular process will present its own set of specific temperature sensing challenges with respect to performance and safety. Share your requirements with temperature sensing experts, combining your process knowledge with their expertise to develop safe and effective solutions.

Direct Insertion Gaseous Oxygen Sensor - No Sampling

Ingold 6800G insertion sensor for gaseous oxygen
Courtesy Mettler Toledo

Gas phase oxygen measurement is used industrially for process safety and the prevention of oxidation. The ability to obtain oxygen level readings in real time can be advantageous in both application classes. While numerous measurement methods are available, Ingold (Mettler Toledo) provides a rugged and robust solution in their direct insertion sensors. Some measurement systems require gas sampling or conditioning, but the Ingold sensor is inserted directly into the process to provide fast and accurate oxygen readings. Coupling the direct insertion feature with Ingold's Intelligent Sensor Management delivers fast and direct O2 measurements with minimized maintenance, no sampling or conditioning, and limited downtime.

There is more to be learned. Reach out to a product application specialist and share your O2 measurement challenges. Combine your process knowledge with their product application expertise to develop the best solutions.

Gas phase oxygen measurement systems from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

New Laser Level Transmitter Brings Application Advantages for Process Measurement

Jogler, manufacturer of level measurement instruments, has released the new Model LLT 1000 Laser Level Transmitter for industrial process measurement and control applications. The newly designed instrument provides continuous non-contact level measurement for process automation and inventory management across an array of industrial applications.

The laser level transmitter provides reliable measurement of solids or liquids, even clear liquids. Long measuring range, narrow beam, and high accuracy make the LLT 1000 suitable for application in silos, tanks, hoppers, chutes, and bunkers.

The data sheet below provides more detail on the new level measurement instrument. Share your level measurement requirements and challenges with a product application specialist, combing your process knowledge with their product expertise to develop effective solutions.

Laser based level transmitter for industrial process measurement from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Magnetic Level Gauges Superior to Glass Level Indicators

Magnetic Level Gauge
(courtesy of Jogler)

Magnetic level gauges isolate of the process inside of a sealed piping column, thus eliminating the possibility of leaking seals and cloudy or broken site glass. Magnetic level gauges (gages) allow for easy cleaning access and a wide variety of mounting styles and process connections. They also provide improved visibility with highly visible flippers.

Magnetic level gauges are designed with a float in a sealed tube, embedded with permanent magnets. As process level changes, the float rises and falls, and the magnets in the float couple with an external indicator. The indicator is completely isolated from the process.

The following video provides a brief overview of Jogler level products. Jogger is a Baton Rouge, Louisiana manufacturer of high quality magnetic level gauges, magnetostrictive transmitters, direct-reading level gauges with armored shield, sight flow indicators, specific gravity analyzers, point level switches and other accessories. Jogler products are custom designed to meet customer specifications and manufactured to applicable ASME B31.1 and B31.3 code requirements to ensure reliable operation and maintenance free design.

New Generation of Mettler Toledo M300 pH/ORP, Dissolved Oxygen, Conductivity, & Ozone Transmitters

M300 Process Transmitter

METTLER TOLEDO Process Analytics has released a second generation of M300 transmitters for pH, Conductivity, Oxygen, and Ozone sensors in April 2016. This release simplifies both the Process and Water M300 portfolio through the reduction of 26 unique model numbers down to ten. This is possible through new mix-mode functionality providing compatibility of both analog and digital Intelligent Sensors Management (ISM®) sensors to the latest generation. New M300 transmitters are easily identified by their high-contrast touchscreen display and advanced ISM diagnostic capabilities providing significant advantages to the product line.

The multi-parameter M300Process transmitter line for pH/ORP, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and ozone measurements offers exceptional measurement performance as well as excellent user ergonomics.

The high contrast black and white touchscreen together with the harmonized menu structure for all parameters, facilitates navigation and ensures easy and user friendly operation.

On-line diagnostics information allows you to schedule sensor maintenance or replacement. The clearly visible diagnostic information lets you know when it’s time to do maintenance or calibration of sensors equipped with Intelligent Sensor Management (ISM) technology.

The integrated USB interface allows you to use it for data logging or to store the configuration on a USB stick.

Second generation M300 transmitters are direct replacements to first generation products.

For more information, contact:
Alliance Technical Sales
312 Park Avenue Unit 145
Clarendon Hills, 60514-0145
Phone: 630-321-9646
Fax: 630-321-9647
www.alliancets.com

Welcome to the Alliance Technical Sales Blog

This site is intended to provide interesting and helpful information about process control systems and control instrumentation.

We will be contributing weekly posts of information regarding process analyzers, measurement & control, fundamentals of process control, and will present interesting applications.

We hope up enjoy this site and make it a habit to check back each week.