Process Analytics: Measuring and Controlling Vital Parameters in Industrial Applications

Process analytics is fundamental to many industrial applications, particularly in water treatment, chemical processing, food and beverage production, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. These operations often depend heavily on precisely monitoring and controlling specific process parameters, such as pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), dissolved and gaseous oxygen, dissolved CO2, ozone, conductivity, and turbidity. Understanding these parameters and how they can be effectively measured and regulated is critical to maintaining optimal process conditions, ensuring product quality, and complying with environmental and safety regulations.

What is Process Analytics?

Process analytics is the systematic analysis of various industrial processes to optimize performance and efficiency. It involves collecting, processing, and interpreting data to monitor process performance, pinpoint issues, make informed decisions, and implement operational improvements. The specific parameters monitored will vary depending on the industry and process in question, but they typically relate to the process medium's chemical, physical, and biological characteristics.

Understanding Key Parameters

pH

pH is a critical parameter in many industrial processes as it measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is essential in chemical reactions, biological processes, and corrosion control. Process analytics involves continuously monitoring pH to ensure it stays within specified limits. pH sensors, typically comprising a reference electrode and a pH-sensitive glass electrode, are used to measure this parameter.

Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)

ORP measures the tendency of a solution to either gain or lose electrons, essentially quantifying its oxidizing or reducing potential. This parameter is critical in chemical reaction processes like wastewater treatment and disinfection. ORP sensors, similar to pH sensors, utilize a reference electrode and a sensing electrode to provide a voltage output proportional to the solution's ORP.

Dissolved and Gaseous Oxygen

A process's dissolved and gaseous oxygen concentration can significantly impact chemical reactions, microbial activity, and oxidation processes. Oxygen sensors, which can be optical or electrochemical, measure the oxygen present. The sensors apply in various applications, including fermentation, water treatment, and combustion control.

Dissolved CO2

In processes like fermentation, brewing, and carbonation, the concentration of dissolved CO2 is a critical process parameter. Too much or too little can dramatically affect product quality and process efficiency. Infrared absorption or chemical sensing methods are often used to measure dissolved CO2 levels.

Ozone

Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and bleaching processes. Concentration needs close control to ensure effective treatment while minimizing the risk of harmful byproducts. Ozone sensors usually work by measuring the absorption of UV light, a characteristic property of ozone.

Conductivity

Conductivity measures a solution's ability to conduct electricity related to the concentration of ions in the solution. It's a crucial parameter in processes involving aqueous solutions, such as water treatment and chemical production. Conductivity sensors typically operate based on the principle of Ohm's law.

Turbidity

Turbidity measures the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by suspended solids. It is a crucial parameter in water and wastewater treatment, as it can indicate the effectiveness of filtration processes and the presence of pathogens. Turbidity sensors usually work by measuring the scattering and absorption of light.

The Role of Process Analytics

Process analytics plays a critical role in modern industrial operations. By continuously monitoring these parameters and controlling them within defined limits, operators can maintain optimal process conditions, maximize efficiency, and ensure the quality and consistency of their products. Furthermore, data from process analytics can be used for predictive maintenance, helping to prevent equipment failure and reduce downtime.

In summary, process analytics provides invaluable insights into industrial operations, offering real-time visibility and control over critical process parameters. As technology advances, process analytics capabilities will expand further, bringing even more significant benefits to a wide range of industries.

Alliance Technical Sales, headquartered in Clarendon Hills, Illinois, are experts in evaluating, specifying, and applying process analytics instrumentation across many industries. Contact them at 630-321-9646 or visit their website at https://alliancets.com.

Process Analytics: Measuring pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Conductivity

pH, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity are important parameters to measure in industrial processes because they can provide valuable information about the products' quality and safety. By measuring these parameters, industrial processes can ensure that they are operating within safe and optimal ranges, which can improve the quality and efficiency of the products.

pH

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, and it can significantly impact the behavior of chemicals in a process. 

There are several ways to measure pH in industrial processes, including using a pH meter, pH test strips, and indicator solutions. A pH meter is a commonly used instrument that measures the pH of a solution by using a probe to measure the electrical potential difference between the solution and a reference electrode. pH test strips are also commonly used in industrial processes, as they are quick and easy to use and provide a general indication of the pH of a solution. 

Dissolved Oxygen

Dissolved oxygen is vital because many industrial processes involve biological organisms that require oxygen to survive and function properly. 

There are several ways to measure dissolved oxygen in industrial processes, but some of the most common methods include the following:

• Electrochemical sensors: These sensors use an electrode to measure dissolved oxygen concentration in a solution.
• Optical sensors: These sensors use light to measure the amount of dissolved oxygen in a solution.
• Membrane-based sensors: These sensors use a thin membrane to separate the sample being measured from the oxygen-sensitive material, allowing for accurate dissolved oxygen levels.

Conductivity

Conductivity is a measure of the ability of a solution to conduct electricity. It can provide information about the concentration of ions in the solution, which can be helpful in various applications. 

Conductivity in industrial processes is typically measured using a conductivity meter. This device uses electrodes to pass an electrical current through a substance sample and measures the substance's resistance to the flow of electricity. The resistance converts into a conductivity reading, typically reported in units of siemens per meter (S/m).

It's worth noting that the most appropriate method for measuring dissolved oxygen, conductivity and pH in industrial processes will depend on the application's specific requirements. It's always a good idea to consult with an expert in the field to determine the best method for your particular needs.

METTLER TOLEDO provides analytical transmitters for a wide range of analytics, including pH/ORP, oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide and conductivity or resistivity. These analytical transmitters are the component within a measurement system that communicates displayed measurements to a user or higher level control system.  METTLER TOLEDO high-performance analytical transmitters offer compatibility with traditional analog sensors and digital sensors with METTLER TOLEDO's Intelligent Sensor Management (ISM).

Discuss your process analytics requirements with professional, skilled expert engineers. Alliance Technical Sales is available to assist in the application and specification of sensors, transmitters, and controllers for any industrial process. Call them at 630-321-9646 or visit their website at https://alliancets.com.

New 2020 Mettler Toledo Process Analytics Catalog

Mettler Toledo Process Analytics, which includes the well-known Thornton and Ingold brands, has published their 2020 product catalog.

Ingold has a long track record of innovative high-quality solutions for demanding process analytics applications. Their products include systems for the measurement parameters of pH/ORP, dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved CO2, conductivity and turbidity.

Thornton is the market leader in critical ultrapure and pure water analytics, where accuracy and reliability are essential. Their products include analytical instruments and sensors for the measurement of resistivity, conductivity, TOC, bioburden, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), sodium, silica and ozone.

For more information, and to download the 2020 MT Process Analytics catalog, visit this Alliance Technical Sales webpage.

Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.
630-321-9646
https://alliancets.com

Validating Water Cycle pH Requirements Using Conductivity and Calculated pH

In thermal power plants, pH measurement and control in the water steam cycle are critical to minimizing corrosion. Cycle chemistry guidelines specifically target narrow pH ranges.

However, in high purity water and steam, there are not enough ions in the water to generate a pH response, causing the pH reading to be unstable. Fortunately, conductivity has a direct relationship with pH when the sample contains only pure water with the typical alkaline treatments, such as ammonia and amines. In fact, cycle chemistry in many plants relies primarily on the related specific conductivity values. However, correction for minor contaminants by measuring the cation conductivity of the sample is needed to provide accurate results. The specific and the cation conductivity values are used in an industry accepted calculation that provides the highest accurate conversion to pH. Under normal operating conditions, this calculation provides more accurate and reliable results than pH electrodes can provide, for two reasons:

1. Conductivity is linear, with concentration which provides much higher resolution than pH sensors all of which give nonlinear response to concentration.
2. Conductivity sensors can be directly calibrated with minimal introduction of error. 

All pH reference electrodes have a variable junction or diaphragm potential that can change between buffer calibration and process measurement, introducing some uncertainty to subsequent measurements.

This makes calculated pH based on conductivity significantly more accurate. However, with major contamination, such as when a condensate exchange polisher's resin is exhausted, and an acid leak occurs, the pH would drop below 7, which is outside the ideal range for using calculated pH and would generate errors. Thus, to avoid contamination, it is recommended that both traditional pH measurement, and calculated pH based on conductivity, be used for optimal pH control.

METTLER TOLEDO Thornton's M800 multi-parameter transmitter can provide traditional pH measurement, calculated pH, as well as specific and cation conductivity to ensure accurate and reliable pH control. The M800 even has a built-in alarm to alert you if the pH measurement deviates from the calculated pH measurement for extra security and peace of mind.

For more infomration about METTLER TOLEDO Process Analytics products, contact Alliance Technical Sales by calling 630-321-9646 or by visiting https://alliancets.com.

UniCond Sensor Measures Conductivity of Water with Varying Purity Levels & Temperatures

UniCond Sensor

As the video below will show you, Mettler Toledo Thornton's UniCond sensors provide three significant advantages over other conductivity sensors:

1) Unmatched Accuracy - a self-contained measuring circuit which produces a robust output digital signal that is reliable over very long cable and certified factory calibration and temperature compensation with ASTM traceability stored in the sensor's internal memory to ensure highest installed accuracy out of the box.

2) Widest Rangeability - A single 2-electrode UniCond sensor can measure from ultrapure water all the way up to sea water with high accuracy. This significantly simplifies the specification, installation and spare parts inventory for water treatment systems. 4-electrode UniCond sensors cover the higher conductivity ranges of acid and base ion exchange regeneration chemicals.

3) Maintenance-free Performance - Mettler Toledo Thornton conductivity sensors for pure water provide high accuracy measurements with widely spaced electrodes that do not trap ion exchange resin particles, corrosion particles or bubbles, and yield more reliable, maintenance-free operation than with other sensors.

https://alliancets.com
630-321-9646

Retractable Sensor Housing for Analytical Sensors

The retractable sensor housings are available in several configurations

Process analytical sensors generally require some "care and feeding" to maintain specified performance levels. This maintenance can require removal of the sensor from the process in which it is inserted. Clearly, it is seldom advantageous to shut down a process for maintenance when it could otherwise remain in operation. The challenge - how to service the pH, redox, conductivity, or dissolved oxygen sensors without process interruption.

Mettler Toledo, under their Ingold brand of process analytic products, provides a solution in the form of a retractable sensor housing. Models accommodate sensors for pH, redox, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen. The housings are designed to enable safe retraction of the sensor from the process, with in place sensor cleaning or further maintenance operations made simple with the process remaining in operation.

The document below provides additional detail. Share your process analytical challenges with an application expert, combining your own process experience and knowledge with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

Retractable Sensor Housings for Analytical Sensors from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Alliance Adds Thornton to Process Analytical Instrument Offering

Alliance Technical Sales, experienced provider of process analytical solutions throughout many industries, has added the Thornton brand of instruments to expand its offering of Mettler Toledo analytical products. Thornton specializes in on-line liquid process measurement solutions for pure and ultrapure water applications. The product line includes instrumentation and sensors providing high quality measurement of conductivity/resistivity, TOC, pH, ORP, dissolved oxygen, dissolved ozone, sodium, silica and bioburden. The Thornton line complements and expands the extent of Mettler Toledo products already available from Alliance Technical Sales.

Share your fluid process analytical challenges with product application experts, combining your process knowledge and experience with their product application expertise to develop effective solutions.

Process Analytics Product Catalog from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

Paths for Optimizing Chemical Industry Processes

Ingold brand InPro pH probes
Courtesy Mettler Toledo

The success of an industrial process hinges upon simultaneously or continuously maintaining an array of variables within a comparatively narrow operating band. Operators rely heavily upon sensing and measuring equipment to provide critical information about process operation that cannot be gathered by the human senses.

There is a robust section of the measurement and control equipment industry devoted to analytical measurements for chemical processes. Mettler Toledo, with their Ingold brand of analytical instrumentation, has been a key player in the process analytical field for many years. Through continuous research and development, the company has innovated products that provide greater performance and operational benefits to their industrial process control customers.

The piece included below provides a useful overview of the company's analytical and measurement capabilities, with an emphasis on how the products are employed in various industries. Modern technology is incorporated to improve product life cycle performance and reduce maintenance burden.

See for yourself with a browse through the document included below. More information is available on products and applications from a specialist, with whom you should share your analytical process challenges. The most effective solutions will come from collaboration between process operators and analytical equipment specialists.

Optimizing chemcial industry processes from Alliance Technical Sales, Inc.

New Generation of Mettler Toledo M300 pH/ORP, Dissolved Oxygen, Conductivity, & Ozone Transmitters

M300 Process Transmitter

METTLER TOLEDO Process Analytics has released a second generation of M300 transmitters for pH, Conductivity, Oxygen, and Ozone sensors in April 2016. This release simplifies both the Process and Water M300 portfolio through the reduction of 26 unique model numbers down to ten. This is possible through new mix-mode functionality providing compatibility of both analog and digital Intelligent Sensors Management (ISM®) sensors to the latest generation. New M300 transmitters are easily identified by their high-contrast touchscreen display and advanced ISM diagnostic capabilities providing significant advantages to the product line.

The multi-parameter M300Process transmitter line for pH/ORP, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and ozone measurements offers exceptional measurement performance as well as excellent user ergonomics.

The high contrast black and white touchscreen together with the harmonized menu structure for all parameters, facilitates navigation and ensures easy and user friendly operation.

On-line diagnostics information allows you to schedule sensor maintenance or replacement. The clearly visible diagnostic information lets you know when it’s time to do maintenance or calibration of sensors equipped with Intelligent Sensor Management (ISM) technology.

The integrated USB interface allows you to use it for data logging or to store the configuration on a USB stick.

Second generation M300 transmitters are direct replacements to first generation products.

For more information, contact:
Alliance Technical Sales
312 Park Avenue Unit 145
Clarendon Hills, 60514-0145
Phone: 630-321-9646
Fax: 630-321-9647
www.alliancets.com